The US's secondary sanctions, as a tool for maximum pressure, have had a significant impact on the foreign trade and diplomatic relations between Iran and the European Union, and have transformed the interaction between them.Using a structuralist theoretical framework and a descriptive-analytical method, this study examines the trend of bilateral trade between 2011 and 2025 and the international factors affecting it. The main question of the study is: What trend has Iran-EU trade undergone between 2010 and 2025, and how have the US secondary sanctions affected this trend?The research hypothesis states that the US secondary sanctions, by creating structural pressure on the European Union, have weakened the independence of the Union in its interactions with Iran and have caused significant fluctuations in the volume of bilateral trade and overall relations between the Union and Iran.In such a way that the intensification of sanctions has been accompanied by a decrease in trade and the reduction of sanctions has been accompanied by an increase in exchanges. The findings show that the European Union, despite its desire to preserve the JCPOA and engage with Iran, has lost the ability to implement independent policies under the influence of American norms and economic pressures.This research analyzes the political, economic, and normative dimensions of bilateral relations to explain international variables on the trade trend between the two countries and the role of influential factors.